Industrial Revolution in Scotland

The countryside: infield and outfield and run-rig system; cattle trade; implements; by-employments; the village and the plough team; tacksmen, tenants and sub-tenants. The agrarian revolution - the improving movement: legislation and enclosure - early improvements; progress of improving movement; the new agricultural implements; consolidation of holdings and spread of lease system. The agrarian revolution - the new order in agriculture: improvements and the market; the cattle trade; extension of sheep farming - the clearances and emigration; the new countryside. The linen industry - state encouragement and the domestic system: parliament and the linen trade - the Board of Trustees; progress of the industry - bounties and export, linen industry in the Highlands, fine linen trade; organization of the industry in eighteenth century. The linen industry - the rise of the factory system: competition of cotton - spinning machinery, progress of power spinning, employment of jute; movement to end Board of Trustees powers of inspection; hand-loom weaving - the introduction of power-loom. The cotton industry - rise of cotton industry, inventions - inventions, early mills, captains of industry, domestic and factory systems, war period; transition from linen to cotton - the hand-loom weaver and the "manufacturer", invention of power-loom, its slow progress, triumph of factory system; products of Scottish cotton industry - subsidiary trades; raw material - markets, causes of decline. Iron and coal - from charcoal to pit coal: decline and dispersion of English iron industry - charcoal furnaces in Highlands, the Darbys and employment of coal in the furnaces; founding of Carron Iron Works - gun casting, nail trade, large-scale production; inventions of Watt and Cort - industrial concentration; expansion of iron industry - the malleable iron works and new furnaces; coal-mining - Monkland Canal and Lanarkshire coal-field, the steam engine and mining. Iron and coal - consolidation and expansion: war and activity in iron industry - slow progress in Scotland; market for pig-iron - foundries and casting, industrial depression; discovery of Blackland Ironstone and invention of hot-blast; new era in history of iron industry - opening of Lanarkshire by railway, period of boom, large-scale production, malleable iron trade, steel industry; increase in coal-mining - demands of industry, export of coal. Combination in the coal and iron industries: West of Scotland coal trade - combine of 1790, competition, combine of 1813; negotiations among iron-masters - meetings of pig-iron trade. Engineering and shipbuilding: origin of engineering craft - machine tools; extension of steam power, sugar machinery, textile machinery, locomotive engineering; shipbuilding on the Clyde - marine engineering; iron shipbuilding, screw versus paddle, clippers and Aberdeen, improvements in engines and boilers, some Clyde firms. (Part contents).Hamilton, Henry W. is the author of 'Industrial Revolution in Scotland' with ISBN 9780714613130 and ISBN 0714613134.